DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF CAMPUS SEXUAL ASSAULT ON YOUTUBE COMMENTARIES
PDF

Keywords

Campus sexual assault; Indonesian campus; critical discourse analysis; appraisal framework; discursive constructions; YouTube commentaries

How to Cite

RAHMATIKA, L., Markhamah, & SABARDILA, A. (2023). DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF CAMPUS SEXUAL ASSAULT ON YOUTUBE COMMENTARIES. Issues in Language Studies, 12(2), 18–36. https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.5420.2023

Abstract

Campus sexual assault has recently become a significant issue and has gained substantial

global attention, including social media users in Indonesia. Prior research has not

sufficiently examined the use of linguistic resources in campus sexual assault discourses.

Drawing on critical discourse analysis, this study aims to explore the discursive

constructive of sexual assault on Indonesian campuses through the evaluative resources

employed by commentators on YouTube commentaries. The commentaries were created

in 2021 in response to Daddy Corbuzier and Narasi Newsroom’s video on campus sexual

assault. Findings revealed that sexual assault on Indonesian campuses was attributed to

power dynamics, social structures, power imbalances, power abuse, and patriarchal

culture. These factors left the victims feeling powerless, which led to normalisation. These

results provide insight into the contribution of broader discourse on sexual assault

prevention and response.

https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.5420.2023
PDF

References

Ahsin, M. N., & Nugraheni, M. W. (2022). Analisis sara mills dalam pemberitaan pelecehan

seksual mahasiswa Riau pada berita CNNindonesia. Com [Sara Mills' analysis on

the reporting of sexual harassment of Riau University students in

CNNindonesia.com]. BELAJAR BAHASA: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan

Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 7(1), 119-135. https://doi.org/10.32528/bb.v7i1.11

Almanssori, S., & Stanley, M. (2022). Public pedagogy on sexual violence: A feminist

discourse analysis of YouTube vlogs after# MeToo. Journal of Curriculum and

Pedagogy, 19(3), 254-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/15505170.2021.1895382

Atkinson, K., & Standing, K. E. (2019). Changing the culture? A feminist academic activist

critique. Violence Against Women, 25(11), 1331-1351.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801219844609

Aulia, S., Cangara, H., & Wahid, U. (2022). Pan Kosicki framing analysis about sexual

harassment in Riau University on kompas.com and tribunnews.com. SEMIOTIKA:

Jurnal Komunikasi, 16(1), 63-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30813/s:jk.v16i1.3280

Bergeron, M., Goyer, M. F., Hébert, M., & Ricci, S. (2019). Sexual violence on university

campuses: Differences and similarities in the experiences of students, professors and employees. Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 49(3), 88-103.

https://doi.org/10.7202/1066637ar

Bhochhibhoya, S., Maness, S. B., Cheney, M., & Larson, D. (2019). Risk factors for sexual

violence among college students in dating relationships: An ecological

approach. Journal of interpersonal violence, 36(15-16), 7722-7746.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519835875

Boateng, F. D., Youla Doumbia, N., Kooffreh, B., & Kwakye-Nuako, C. O. (2023).

Relationship between date rape attitudes, rape myths and experiences with

sexual violence among Ivorian college students. Journal of School Violence, 22(2),

-305. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2023.2180747

Bondestam, F., & Lundqvist, M. (2020). Sexual harassment in higher education: A

systematic review. European Journal of Higher Education, 10(4), 397-419.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21568235.2020.1729833

Bovill, H., McCartan, K., & Waller, R. (2022). Female undergraduates playing it “safe” to

stay “safe”: Further understanding sexual violence against women. Journal of

International Women's Studies, 23(1), 192-207.

Chiluwa, I., & Ifukor, P. (2015). “War against our children”: Stance and evaluation in#

BringBackOurGirls campaign discourse on twitter and facebook. Discourse &

Society, 26(3), 267-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/095792651456473

Colliver, B., & Coyle, A. (2020). Risk of sexual violence against women and girls’ in the

construction of “gender-neutral toilets”: A discourse analysis of comments on

YouTube videos. Journal of Gender-based Violence, 4(3), 359-376.

https://doi.org/10.1332/239868020X15894511554617

Connell, R. W., & Messerschmidt, J. W. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the

concept. Gender & Society, 19(6), 829-859.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243205278639

de Heer, B., & Jones, L. (2017). Measuring sexual violence on campus: Climate surveys and

vulnerable groups. Journal of School Violence, 16(2), 207-221.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2017.1284444

Elindawati, R. (2021). Perspektif feminis dalam kasus perempuan sebagai korban

kekerasan seksual di perguruan tinggi [Feminist perspective in the cases of

women as a victim of sexual assault in higher education]. AL-WARDAH: Jurnal

Kajian Perempuan, Gender dan Agama, 15(2), 181-193.

http://dx.doi.org/10.46339/al-wardah.v15i2.649

Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and social change. Polity Press.

Fairclough, N. (1993). Critical discourse analysis and the marketization of public discourse:

The universities. Discourse & Society, 4(2), 133-168.

Fedina, L., Holmes, J. L., & Backes, B. L. (2018). Campus sexual assault: A systematic review

of prevalence research from 2000 to 2015. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 19(1), 76-

https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838016631129

Fernando, D., & Prasad, A. (2019). Sex-based harassment and organizational silencing:

How women are led to reluctant acquiescence in academia. Human

Relations, 72(10), 1565-1594. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726718809164

Fethi, I., Daigneault, I., Bergeron, M., Hébert, M., & Lavoie, F. (2023). Campus sexual

violence: A comparison of international and domestic students. Journal of

International Students, 13(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v13i1.3685

Howard, R. M., Potter S. J., Guedj C. E., & Moynihan, M. M. (2018). Sexual violence

victimization among community college students. Journal of American College

Health, 67(7), 674-687. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1500474

Liao, S., & Luqiu, L. R. (2022) #MeToo in China: The dynamic of digital activism against

sexual assault and harassment in higher education. Signs: Journal of Women in

Culture and Society, 47(3), 741-764.

Linder, C. (2018). Sexual violence on campus: Power-conscious approaches to awareness,

prevention, and response. Emerald Publishing.

Linder, C., Grimes, N., Williams, B. M., & Lacy, M. C. (2020). What do we know about

campus sexual violence? A content analysis of 10 years of research. The Review

of Higher Education, 43(4), 1017-1040.

Marfu'ah, U., Rofi'ah, S., & Maksun, M. (2021). Sistem pencegahan dan penanganan

kekerasan seksual di kampus UIN Walisongo Semarang [The system of prevention

and handling of sexual violence at UIN Walisongo Semarang campus]. Kafaah:

Journal of Gender Studies, 11(1), 95-106.

Martin-Storey, A., Paquette, G., Bergeron, M., Dion, J., Daigneault, I., Hébert, M., & Ricci,

S. (2018). Sexual violence on campus: Differences across gender and sexual

minority status. Journal of Adolescent Health, 62(6), 701-707.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.12.013

Mellins, C. A., Walsh, K., Sarvet, A. L., Wall, M., Gilbert, L., Santelli, J. S., Thompson, M.,

Wilson, P. A., Khan, S., Benson, S. et al. (2017). Sexual assault incidents among

college undergraduates: Prevalence and factors associated with risk. PLoS

one, 12(11), 1-23, e0186471.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. (2021). Wujudkan lingkungan

perguruan tinggi yang aman dari kekerasan seksual [Create a college environment

that is safe from sexual violence].

https://www.kemdikbud.go.id/main/blog/2021/12/wujudkan-lingkunganperguruan-

tinggi-yang-aman-dari-kekerasan-seksual

Nikmatullah, N. (2020). Demi nama baik kampus vs perlindungan korban: Kasus kekerasan

seksual di kampus [For the sake of the good name of the campus vs. victim

protection: cases of sexual violence on campus]. QAWWAM, 14(2), 37-53.

https://doi.org/10.20414/qawwam.v14i2.2875

Nugraha, R. A., & Subaidi, S. (2022). Kekerasan seksual dalam perspektif dominasi kuasa

[Sexual violence in the perspective of power domination]. IJouGS: Indonesian

Journal of Gender Studies, 3(1), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.21154/ijougs.v3i1.3694

Nurbayani, S., Dede, M., & Widiawaty, M. A. (2022). Utilizing library repository for sexual

harassment study in Indonesia: A systematic literature review. Heliyon, 8(8), 1-8,

e10194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10194

Rabbaniyah, S., & Salsabila, S. (2022). Patriarki dalam budaya Jawa; membangun perilaku

pembungkaman diri pada perempuan korban seksual dalam kampus [Patriarchy

in Javanese culture; building self-silencing behavior on female sexual victims on

campus]. Community: Pengawas Dinamika Sosial, 8(1), 113-124.

https://doi.org/10.35308/jcpds.v8i1.4586

Rosenthal, M. N., & Freyd, J. J. (2018). Sexual violence on campus: No evidence that

studies are biased due to self-selection. Dignity: A Journal on Sexual Exploitation

and Violence, 3(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.23860/dignity.2018.03.01.07

Rothman, E. F. (2019). Preventing sexual violence on campus in the US: Four thought

experiments. Journal of Family Violence, 34(3), 177-184.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-018-9982-3

Senn, C. Y., Eliasziw, M., Barata, P. C., Thurston, W. E., Newby-Clark, I. R., Radtke, H. L., &

SARE Study Team. (2014). Sexual violence in the lives of first-year university

women in Canada: No improvements in the 21st century. BMC Women's

Health, 14, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-014-0135-4

Senn, C. Y., Eliasziw, M., Barata, P. C., Thurston, W. E., Newby-Clark, I. R., Radtke, H. L., &

Hobden, K. L. (2015). Efficacy of a sexual assault resistance program for university

women. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(24), 2326-2335.

Shalihin, M. S. E., Jamil, I. N., Aris, N. A. M., & Kamal, N. H. M. (2022). Sexual harassment

in Malaysian educational institution–A review of its factors and effects. Asian

Journal of Civilizational Studies (AJOCS), 4(3), 19-31.

Shopiani, B. S., Wilodati, W., & Supriadi, U. (2021). Fenonema victim blaming pada

mahasiswa terhadap korban pelecehan seksual [Phenomenon of victim blaming

in students against victims of sexual harassment]. Sosietas, 11(1), 940-955.

Sitorus, J. C. (2019). Quo vadis, perlindungan hukum terhadap korban pelecehan seksual

di kampus [Quo vadis, legal protection for victims of sexual harassment on

campus]. Lex Scientia Law Review, 3(1), 30-39.

https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v3i1.30731

Soejoeti, A. H., & Susanti, V. (2020). Diskusi keadilan restoratif dalam konteks kekerasan

seksual di kampus [Discussion of restorative justice in the context of sexual

assault on campus]. Deviance Jurnal Kriminologi, 4(1), 67-83.

http://dx.doi.org/10.36080/djk.v4i1.1311

Sulistyawan, A. Y., Suparno, S., Fernanda, S. A., & Adawiyah, R. (2022). Ketimpangan relasi

kuasa dan gender pada kasus kekerasan seksual di kampus: Suatu telaah filsafat

hukum [Inequality of power and gender relations in cases of sexual violence on

campus: A study of legal philosophy]. Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika, 6(2), 121-137.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25072/jwy.v6i2.542

Ullman, S. E. (2016). Sexual revictimization, PTSD, and problem drinking in sexual assault

survivors. Addictive Behaviors, 53, 7-10.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.09.010

Wahyuni, S., Nurbayani, S., Kesumaningsih, I., & Hargono, D. (2022). Korban dan/atau

pelaku: Atribusi victim blaming pada korban kekerasan seksual berbasis gender di

lingkungan kampus. Brawijaya Journal of Social Science, 2(1), 1-17.

Wies, J. R. (2015). Title IX and the state of campus sexual violence in the United States:

Power, policy, and local bodies. Human Organization, 74(3), 276-286.

https://doi.org/10.17730/0018-7259-74.3.276

Zinzow, H. M., & Thompson, M. (2015). Factors associated with use of verbally coercive,

incapacitated, and forcible sexual assault tactics in a longitudinal study of college

men. Aggressive Behavior, 41(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21567

Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal

1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.

2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.

3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.

4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.

5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.

6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.